Sambucus nigra · Adoxaceae

Elderberry

⚠️ Not safe for petsDeciduous life cycle, with leaf loss in winter.150 to 300 cm

LightPartial shade

WaterRegular watering, especially in summer.

DifficultyMedium

ColdTolerates prolonged negative temperatures.

Partial shadeRegular watering, especially in summer.MediumTolerates prolonged negative temperatures.

Description & origin

The Elderberry is a deciduous shrub known for its white flowers and black berries. It is often used in gardens for its beauty and medicinal properties. In Portugal, it is common in rural areas and gardens.

Size

Can reach up to 3 meters in height in domestic cultivation.

Foliage

Deciduous foliage, loses leaves in winter.

Flowering

Blooms in spring with clusters of small white flowers.

Detailed care

Light

Prefers partial shade but tolerates full sun.

Soil

Thrives in fertile, well-drained soils.

Watering

Requires regular watering, especially during warmer months.

Temperature

Handles cold well, resistant to frost.

Fertilising

Fertilize in spring with a balanced fertilizer.

Repotting

Transplant in spring or autumn, avoiding extreme heat periods.

Pruning

Prune in late winter to maintain shape and encourage growth.

Propagation

Easily propagated by hardwood cuttings in winter.

Common problems

Aphids

Can infest leaves and stems, sucking sap.

Powdery mildew

Fungus causing white powder on leaves.

Root rot

Caused by excess water and poor drainage.

Uses & curiosities

In the garden

Attracts pollinators
Hedge creation
Medicinal gardens

Other uses

Used in syrup and infusion production.

Did you know…

Elderberry flowers are used to make teas and syrups. The berries are edible when cooked, but raw can be toxic.